国际化的新加坡：法律、争议与外交——Alexander Ressos博士著作《新加坡：国际金融中心》（Singapore as an International Financial Centre）的一部分。
第F部分描述新加坡借以为区域提供法律确定性的各类机构，与国际日内瓦相对应。
本部分属于Alexander Ressos博士的著作新加坡：国际金融中心，全书在本站逐节完整发布。
作为经济基础设施的法治
A financial centre sells promises. A bank accepts a deposit on the promise of repayment. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡的司法机构与最高法院
Independence on 9 August 1965 did not interrupt the work of the courts. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes反贪污政策与贪污调查局
Corruption was made illegal in the Straits Settlements in 1871, when the Penal Code described in Chapter B.I was enacted. Little concrete action followed. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes作为竞争因素的法律确定性
Legal certainty is a broader idea than the absence of corruption. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes国际排名及其局限
Singapore’s reputation for clean government is reflected in every international comparison of corruption. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes强势国家中的法治
Legal theory distinguishes between a thin and a thick conception of the rule of law. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes法治作为经济基础设施：与日内瓦、香港和迪拜的比较
Geneva’s legal infrastructure rests on a different foundation. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes法治作为经济基础设施：摘要
Singapore’s courts are the independent republic’s continuation of the colonial Supreme Court, made national by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1969, freed from the Privy Council in 1994 and… Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡国际仲裁中心与国际仲裁
A financial centre lives on contracts. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes《国际仲裁法》
Singapore's modern arbitration law was built in two steps. The first concerned the enforcement of foreign awards. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡国际仲裁中心
The Singapore International Arbitration Centre was established on 1 July 1991 as a not-for-profit organisation. Its beginnings were modest. Read more Singapore · Law and DisputesSIAC仲裁规则与快速程序
SIAC's arbitration rules have been revised at regular intervals after public consultation. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡作为仲裁地：法院与执行
The attraction of a seat depends largely on its courts. The Singapore courts have consistently described their role as one of support and limited supervision. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes仲裁中的大宗商品与贸易纠纷
Trade disputes form the largest single category of SIAC's caseload. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes对当事人和顾问的实际影响
For an Asian commercial transaction, Singapore offers a Model Law statute, experienced courts, an established institution and a large pool of arbitrators. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡、日内瓦、香港与迪拜
Switzerland and Singapore reached similar positions by different paths. Read more Singapore · Law and DisputesSIAC与国际仲裁：摘要
Singapore built its position as a seat of international arbitration through its accession to the New York Convention in 1986 and the International Arbitration Act 1994, which gave the UNCITRAL Model… Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡国际商业法庭（SICC）、调解与《新加坡调解公约》
A financial centre needs more than banks, funds and family offices. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡国际商业法庭
The idea of an international commercial court was first put forward by Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon at the Opening of the Legal Year in January 2013. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes外国律师与国际法官
The defining feature of the SICC is its bench. The Chief Justice may designate High Court judges and International Judges to hear its cases. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡国际调解中心
Mediation in Singapore did not begin with international business. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes《新加坡调解公约》
The gap that Arb-Med-Arb filled by a procedural device needed a treaty to be closed directly. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes判决的跨境执行
A judgment is worth only as much as the assets against which it can be enforced. The New York Convention allows arbitral awards to be enforced in 172 states. Read more Singapore · Law and DisputesSICC、调解与《新加坡调解公约》：对客户和顾问的实际影响
The SICC, the SIMC and the Singapore Convention widen the choice that parties face when they draft a dispute resolution clause. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes与日内瓦、苏黎世、迪拜和香港的比较
Geneva and Singapore both present themselves as places of law, each with its own set of institutions. Read more Singapore · Law and DisputesSICC、调解与《新加坡调解公约》：摘要
The Singapore International Commercial Court, launched in January 2015 as a division of the High Court, combines Singapore judges with 26 International Judges from common law and civil law… Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes小国外交：东盟与战略平衡
A financial centre lives on the confidence of people who will never visit it. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes东盟的成立
Singapore did not seek independence on its own. It entered the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 and left it two years later after political and communal tensions that Chapter C.II describes. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes小国现实主义
Singapore's foreign policy rests on a sober view of its own position. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes贸易协定与经济外交
Few economies depend on trade as heavily as Singapore. Its trade in goods and services was equivalent to about 320 per cent of gross domestic product in 2020. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes中立及其局限
Outside observers sometimes describe Singapore as neutral, a term its own government avoids. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes外交为金融中心服务
The first service that diplomacy renders to the financial centre is predictability. A client who places assets in Singapore makes a bet on the jurisdiction over a horizon of ten or twenty years. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes小国外交：东盟与战略平衡：实际影响
For banks, asset managers and trust companies, Singapore's foreign policy creates both opportunities and obligations. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes小国外交：东盟与战略平衡：与日内瓦和香港的比较
Switzerland and Singapore are both small states that have turned their foreign policy into an asset for their financial centres. Their methods differ. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes小国外交：东盟与战略平衡：摘要
Singapore became independent in 1965 without security or a hinterland and placed its survival inside a regional framework when its foreign minister Rajaratnam signed the Bangkok Declaration that… Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡的国际与区域机构
A financial centre lives from more than banks, exchanges and courts. It also lives from the institutions that gather governments, central banks and experts around common problems. Read more Singapore · Law and DisputesAPEC与区域经济合作
Regional economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific began with economists and businessmen. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes区域金融监测与合作
The Asian financial crisis of 1997, which Chapter D.III examines, left East Asian governments with a sharp lesson. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes中央银行合作与创新中心
The central banks of East Asia and the Pacific cooperate through the Executives' Meeting of East Asia-Pacific Central Banks, established in 1991. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes标准制定机构与区域办事处
The global standard setters for finance sit in Europe. The Financial Stability Board, established in April 2009 as the successor of the Financial Stability Forum, is hosted by the BIS in Basel. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes对金融中心的实际影响
The international institutions in Singapore are small employers compared with the financial sector itself. Their value lies in information and in contacts. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes国际新加坡与国际日内瓦
The difference between the two cities begins with numbers. Read more Singapore · Law and Disputes新加坡的国际与区域机构：摘要
Singapore hosts a small number of international organisations whose subjects lie close to economics and finance, among them the APEC Secretariat, the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office, the… Read more